[...] At the present time, we are alarmed by depletion of fossil energy and the negative effects of accelerated fossil fuel consumption on the environment. To minimize world dependence on fossil fuels, nuclear energy ought to do more than generating electricity since electricity accounts for a mere 17% of world final energy consumption [1]. The high temperature gas reactor (HTGR) with unique design has several advantages to accomplish this goal.
[...] The core is refueled by exchanging a half core of fuel blocks in each two year interval. A sandwich shuffling method is applied, in which one out of every two axial fuel blocks is discharged from the core and the remaining one is shifted one block downward to make space for loading a fresh fuel block. The refueling scheme is repeated in every refueling over the plant life. The load factor is more than 90% including planned and forced outages. The careful core physics design is performed to minimize the power and temperature peaking in the core, which reduces the maximum fuel temperature during passive core conduction cooldown in an accident.
[...] The IHX is used to transfer a share of reactor thermal power as nuclear process heat to a distant hydrogen production process or to other high-temperature process heat applications. The minor electricity need to power the hydrogen process is supplied in house from the efficient gas turbine power cogeneration. The GTHTR300C can be applied to meet the energy and hydrogen consumption in directreduction steelmaking. Other cogeneration applications including district heating and desalination without sacrificing the power generation have been reported[...]
[...] In the initial phase construction, a steam generator (SG) of 50 MWt is connected to a conventional steam turbine system for combined heat and power production. The reactor outlet temperature is 750°C so that the conventional alloy 800H whose allowable temperature limit is 760°C can be used for the SG tube material. The reactor inlet temperature is set to 325°C in order to provide a sufficient temperature margin for the RPV of carbon steel SA533/SA508. This steel is used for the LWR RPV and its allowable temperature limit is 371°Cduring normal operation. Since its allowance stress is greater than the 2 ¼Cr-1Mo steel used for HTTR, the RPV of the HTR50S is thinner and lighter than the HTTR while the primary coolant pressure is the same as in the HTTR.
[...]Superheated steam at 538°C and 12.5 MPa is produced in the SG and sent to the steam turbine. The steam turbine is a non-reheat and three stages regeneration cycle. The three-stage steam extraction from the turbine to a deaerator and two high pressure feedwater heaters produces a final feedwater temperature of 200°C at the SG inlet. The gross electricity generated is 17.2 MWe and the generation efficiency is 34% in this system.
Ref; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1738573315300267
[...] The core is refueled by exchanging a half core of fuel blocks in each two year interval. A sandwich shuffling method is applied, in which one out of every two axial fuel blocks is discharged from the core and the remaining one is shifted one block downward to make space for loading a fresh fuel block. The refueling scheme is repeated in every refueling over the plant life. The load factor is more than 90% including planned and forced outages. The careful core physics design is performed to minimize the power and temperature peaking in the core, which reduces the maximum fuel temperature during passive core conduction cooldown in an accident.
[...] The IHX is used to transfer a share of reactor thermal power as nuclear process heat to a distant hydrogen production process or to other high-temperature process heat applications. The minor electricity need to power the hydrogen process is supplied in house from the efficient gas turbine power cogeneration. The GTHTR300C can be applied to meet the energy and hydrogen consumption in directreduction steelmaking. Other cogeneration applications including district heating and desalination without sacrificing the power generation have been reported[...]
[...] In the initial phase construction, a steam generator (SG) of 50 MWt is connected to a conventional steam turbine system for combined heat and power production. The reactor outlet temperature is 750°C so that the conventional alloy 800H whose allowable temperature limit is 760°C can be used for the SG tube material. The reactor inlet temperature is set to 325°C in order to provide a sufficient temperature margin for the RPV of carbon steel SA533/SA508. This steel is used for the LWR RPV and its allowable temperature limit is 371°Cduring normal operation. Since its allowance stress is greater than the 2 ¼Cr-1Mo steel used for HTTR, the RPV of the HTR50S is thinner and lighter than the HTTR while the primary coolant pressure is the same as in the HTTR.
[...]Superheated steam at 538°C and 12.5 MPa is produced in the SG and sent to the steam turbine. The steam turbine is a non-reheat and three stages regeneration cycle. The three-stage steam extraction from the turbine to a deaerator and two high pressure feedwater heaters produces a final feedwater temperature of 200°C at the SG inlet. The gross electricity generated is 17.2 MWe and the generation efficiency is 34% in this system.
Ref; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1738573315300267
